This is a list of selected talks and articles that are available on this web site.
The articles are listed by organization or subject for ease of reference and then chronological sequence within those topics. Also in the index is a brief background as to why they are included on the web site.
As many of these are of specialized interest only, this web-based approach has been used to avoid cluttering the book, "Let Me Say This About That."
I hope you will find at least some of this material useful.
I have also attached this brief chronology to help with the time period
when these talks or articles were delivered.
Section A
Section B
Section C
Section D
Section E
Section F
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Section G
Section H
Section I
Section J
Section K
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Period
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Activity
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1955
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Graduated in Political Science & Economics from
Trinity College, University of Toronto
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1955-68
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Various sales and marketing positions at
IBM Canada
-1 Toronto 1955-60
-2 Ottawa 1960-68
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1968-79
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President & CEO of Systems Dimensions Limited
(SDL) based in Ottawa
National President, Canadian Information
Processing Society (CIPS) 1970-71
Chair, United Appeal Campaign 1971
Chair, Board of Governors, Carleton University
1977-79
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1979-85
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President & CEO, Premier Communications
Limited based in Vancouver
Chair, Canadian Cablesystems 1980-83
Chair, United Way Campaign 1981
Chair, Finance Committee, Board of Governors,
Simon Fraser University 1981-84
Chair, Team BC 1982-83
President and CEO, Cantel 1983-85
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1985-93
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President & CEO, Rogers Cantel based in Toronto
Chair & CEO, Rogers Cantel 1990-93
Chair, United Way Campaign 1991
Chair, Vision 2000 1989-91
Chair, Information Technology Association of
Canada (ITAC) 1993-94
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1993-96
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Vice Chair, Rogers Communications Inc.
based in Toronto
President, Toronto Board of Trade 1996-97
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1997-Present
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President & CEO, Four Halls Inc. based in
Toronto
Chair, Trinity College Capital Campaign 1996-99
President, National Club 1998-99
Chair, Greater Toronto Marketing Alliance
1997-2002
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Section A
Systems Dimensions Limited (SDL)
The concept was simple. Its execution was not. By the late 1960's, the need for computing power was growing at an unbelievable rate, driven by the increasing complexity and variety of applications. Many organizations needed to access a high capacity computer but could not afford to install these very expensive systems costing millions of dollars in many cases. Remember this was long before the era of mini computers to say nothing of PC's.
The answer was shared computing power provided by a major service bureau remotely accessed. The correct name for this process is Remote Batch Processing.
In March 1968, two senior Systems Engineers and I had left IBM in Ottawa to create a small computer consulting firm called Systems Dimensions Limited. Shortly thereafter, we started what was to become Canada's largest computer services organization. We designed and built a special purpose building in Ottawa and installed an IBM System/360 Model 85. This was the largest commercial computer that IBM made at the time.
The whole story is told in The SDL Story which is available on this web site.
I was the President and CEO from April 1, 1969 to March 31, 1979, the period of these talks.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION A
1. Telecommunications and the Computer Service Industry In Canada
A look at the improving capability of communication networks and the opportunities this provides for computer services, April 27, 1970.
2. And This Is Just For Starters
A staff talk, one of a series of Fireside Chats, 1971.
3. Relationship of Bell Canada to SDL and AGT
A proposal to Bell Canada, January 29, 1971.
4. A New Industry Looks at the Bell
Commentary on the development of the computer services industry in Canada, March 1, 1971.
5. An Experience in Raising Venture Capital
A talk to the Canadian Computer Conference, Session '72, June 1972.
6. Toronto Society of Financial Analysts
An update on October 4, 1972.
7. Computer Services in Canada in 1975
A talk to the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association of Data Processing Service Organizations (CADAPSO), October 20, 1972.
8. Marketing Seminar
An introduction to an SDL Marketing Seminar on November 18, 1972.
9. Investment Dealer's Association of Canada, Ottawa Group
A talk given on February 14, 1973 as a 5 year update on SDL.
10. SDL Annual Meeting
The President;s remarks at the November 8, 1973 AGM in Toronto.
11. Marketing Conference, Montebello, Quebec
The President's opening remarks at a November 10, 1973 SDL Marketing Conference.
12. Montreal Society of Financial Analysts
An update given at the Hotel Bonaventure, Montreal on December 12, 1973.
13. SDL and the Wired City
A talk given in January 1974 on the relationship between SDL and cable television companies.
14. Investment Dealer's Association of Canada, Ottawa Group
Another update delivered on May 6, 1974.
15. Service Bureaus and Cable TV State of the Art and Perspectives
A talk given to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in Paris, France, September 25-26, 1974.
16. President's Remarks at the Annual General Meeting
· November 15, 1974.
17. The Wired City Concept – As It Stands Today
A talk given to the Canadian Industrial Communications Assembly, Ottawa, March 14, 1975.
18. SDL Annual Meeting
The President's address on December 8, 1976.
19. What's New Under the Sun?
A talk given to the International Federation of Information Processing Societies Conference August 8-12, 1977. At the time SDL was a takeover target by Sun Life.
20. Annual Meeting
The President's remarks at the AGM on November 2, 1977, Ottawa.
21. The Wired City
A background piece on the proposed acquisition of Ottawa Cablevision Limited by SDL to form the first integrated wired city operation in Canada. The intention was to offer such online services as in-the-home banking, shopping, education and information retrieval this proved to be a bit premature as the Federal Government subsequently turned down our application to acquire a cable company.
22. The Future of Computer Services in Canada
A talk given to a Canadian Information Processing Society and the Data Processing Management Association joint meeting in Vancouver, April 10, 1979.
23. A Young Company Growing Up
A talk to the SDL Annual Business Conference in Kingston, Ontario.
24. Service Bureaus in Canada
An article for Auerbach Publishers Inc. in 1978.
25. Where is the computer industry going? A User;s Viewpoint
A talk to the Toronto section of the Canadian Information Processing Society, September 11, 1979.
26. Some Thoughts on Strategic Direction
A talk given to the Canada Systems Group Management Council reflecting on the computer services industry. Thursday, March 5, 1987 at the Old Mill, Toronto.
Section B
The Canadian Information Processing Society (CIPS)
CIPS which was formerly the Computer Society of Canada is a pioneering organization representing the computer professionals rather than computer companies. Amongst its many activities, it published an annual Computer Census in the early days when such systems were still a rarity in Canada.
I was President of the Ottawa Chapter in 1967-68 and was National President in 1970-71.
One of the major activities of CIPS was to promote professional standards for practitioners in the field. In addition to my work at CIPS, I was also a Founding Director of the Institute for the Certification of Computer Professionals, an international organization established in 1973.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION B
1. A Society for the 70's
A talk given to the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Information Processing Society at the Hotel Vancouver, June 2, 1970.
2. Communications and Data Processing
A paper delivered to CIPS in December 1970 on remote data processing.
3. Trends in Canadian Computing
A talk given to the Canadian Information Processing Society in November 1970.
4. The Janus Complex
A proposal for reorganizing CIPS taking into account that in 1970 we had launched the Canadian Computer Conference, started a Salary and Manpower Survey and started the CIPS National Magazine.
5. A Proposal for the Establishment of The Canadian Federation of Information Processing Societies
This did not happen but my feeling was there were far too many societies trying to represent the computer industry and I proposed the establishment of CAFIPS which would then represent the Canadian computer industry to the International Federation of Information Processing (IFIP) a good try!
Section C
Premier Communications Limited – Vancouver
Premier Cablevision Limited as it was known when I moved to B.C. as the President and CEO was the largest Cable TV company in Canada. It was also one of two pioneers in the Cable Television field (the other being Canadian Cablesystems Limited based in London, Ontario). It had cable TV operations in Alberta and Ontario as well as being the dominant player in B.C. with operations in Vancouver and Victoria. It even had Cable TV operations in Dublin and Waterford, Ireland.
It was however a traditional Cable Television company. I was brought in as President and CEO on April 1, 1979 to bring the new Wired City perspective to the company. We expanded into the United States, participated in the launch of Pay TV in Canada and pioneered some new approaches to multicultural programming.
The company however needed economy of scale and a rationalization of the Cable Television industry in Canada was very necessary. In 1980, the company merged with Canadian Cablesystems Limited which itself had recently been acquired by Rogers Cable TV. I became the Chair of the newly created cable giant under the leadership of Ted Rogers.
During my time in the cable industry, I chaired the Strategic Planning Committee of the Canadian Cable Television Association and was the President of the Cable Telecommunications Research Association.
It was these activities that led to the attached talks from about 1979 to 1983 when I became involved in the application for mobile telephone licenses in Canada.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION C
1. The Other End of the Tube
A talk given to the Federal Government Computer Conference in Ottawa, September 11, 1979.
2. The Third Phase
A forecast of the future of the cable industry published in Cable Communications in 1980.
3. The Unwired City
A paper in 1979 looking forward to the 1980's and 90's when there would be a mixture of the wired and unwired worlds – an interesting prediction given my later involvement in wireless telephony.
4. A Policy for the Cable Industry In Canada
Discussion notes for the then Minister of Communications, the Honourable David MacDonald, delivered to the Government of Canada, September 1979.
5. Fireside Chat
I continued my approach of having regular fireside chats with the staff. However as the Premier personnel were in several countries and many locations, I started to videotape these. This one was January 1980.
6. Annual Meeting
My notes for the AGM for Premier on January 10, 1980.
7. Broadband Communications Canada's Newest Retailer
A talk given at the CIPS seminar on Data Communications in Winnipeg, Canada, April 22, 1980.
8. Seminar on Communications
A talk given to the British Columbia Government at a seminar on Communications held in Richmond, B.C., April 25-27, 1980.
9. The Unwired City
A talk given at Session 80 of the CIPS Annual Meeting, Victoria, B.C.,
May 13, 1980.
10. Conference Board Meeting
Notes for a discussion at the Conference Board meeting at Harrison Hot Springs, B.C., May 30 June 30, 1980.
11. Alternative Approaches to Networking in the 1980's
A talk given to the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Telecommunications Carriers Association, Vancouver, B.C., June 24, 1980.
12. Investment Presentation
A talk given to the Toronto Investment Dealers Association, August 29, 1980.
13. Marketing Through New Technology
A talk given to the Sales and Marketing Executives of Vancouver, September 18, 1980.
14. Victoria Programming Reception
Notes for a cocktail party talk to the Community Programming Group in Victoria, October 21, 1980.
15. Community Leaders in Victoria, B.C.
A breakfast meeting in Victoria to explain the reasons for the recent merger between Premier Communications Limited and Canadian Cablesystems Limited, October 22, 1980.
16. Victoria Community Talk
Notes for a cocktail reception at the Crystal Gardens in Victoria, October 22, 1980.
17. Vancouver and Fraser Programming Reception
An update for the community programming groups in Vancouver and Fraser Valley, October 23, 1980.
18. Municipal, Business and Arts Communities
A luncheon talk for senior members of the lower mainland communities, October 23, 1980.
19. Freedom to Choose
A talk to the Rotary Club of Vancouver on January 25, 1983 shortly after the introduction of Pay TV. This Pay TV package has included the Playboy channel which aroused a significant backlash from some women’s organizations. I managed to pour fuel on the fire unintentionally.
20. Annual Meeting
My remarks at the AGM of Canadian Cablesystems Limited in Toronto, January 26, 1981.
21. You Take the High Road
An overview of Cable TV as a future market for satellite services. This was given to the management group of Telesat Canada in Ottawa on June 28, 1983 and forecasts the extensive use of satellite delivered programming in conjunction with cable.
22. Issues In the Canadian Cable Television Industry
A background paper in January 1985 on where I felt the cable industry was headed.
Section D
Cantel Inc. (Rogers Wireless Inc.)
In early 1983, while I was still Chair of Canadian Cablesystems and still living in Vancouver, I was asked to put together a team to bid for the about-to-be-released cellular radio licenses in Canada. A more complete story of this venture is told in "Finnie's Family" which is also available on this web site. Briefly the bid team that I led was made up of representatives of the consortium financed by Philippe de Gaspe Beaubien, Telemedia, Quebec, Sam Balzberg, British Columbia and Ted Rogers, Ontario.
After about nine months of hard marketing, the consortium was awarded the first national telephone license on December 14, 1983.
Having led the bid team, I was then asked to be the Founding President and CEO, just until a permanent President could be found. For a variety of reasons, the first President we hired did not work out and after filling in with a very capable contract President, I was asked to resume the Presidency and did so in August 1985.
It was during this time until I retired as CEO in 1993 that the attached talks were delivered.
As usual I was active in the industry and amongst other things chaired the Cellular Safety Committee for the international Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association (CTIA).
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION D
1. The Future of Basic Communication Systems
A talk given to Communications in the Eighties, University of Calgary, May 1, 1984.
2. Cellular Radio Coming Onstream
A talk for Radiocomm ’84 given at the Sheraton Centre, Toronto, May 31, 1984.
3. Cantel The Technical Times
A paper on some of the challenges of developing and building a national telephone system from scratch with essentially no experience!
4. Cantel Mission/Vision/Values
· How we saw ourselves.
5. Your Phone Away From Phone
· A talk given to the Western Canada Telecommunications Council AGM, April 19, 1985.
6. The Wired City in a Non-Wired World
A talk given to the Stratford Rotary Club, November 28, 1985.
7. Canadian Media Conference
· A talk given to the first annual Canadian Media Conference, January 27, 1987. This is where I forecast that the next generation of cellular telephones would look like a seventy-nine cent pen. I was definitely wrong in this projection as what customers wanted was larger screens, keyboards, Short Messaging Systems, pictures and even full motion video.
8. CRTC Briefing
A talk about Cantel as a corporate citizen given to the CRTC, Friday, December 2, 1988.
9. Canadian Telecommunications: Preparing for 2001
A talk at Communications Strategies '89, Toronto, May 17, 1989.
10. Product Innovation in a Service Industry
A talk at the National Business Show in Toronto, May 15, 1990.
11. The Mobile Communications Revolution
A talk at the North American Cellular Conference, Toronto June 21, 1990.
12. Emerging Technologies and Strategies in a Newly Deregulated Market – The Canadian Experience
A talk given in Sidney Australia, July 31, 1990.
13. Mobile Cellular Communications
A paper given at Inter Comm ’90, Vancouver
14. Mobile Communications Challenges and Obstacles
A talk to the Wireless Communications Seminar on Friday, April 10, 1992 in Toronto.
15. Dances With Digital
A talk to the Carleton University Seminar on Publics, Markets and the State: Seminar on Canadian Communications Policyâ€, Ottawa, January 23, 1993.
16. The Leading Edge
A talk given to the Communications and Media Workshop, Strategies for the 90's, Toronto, February 11, 1993.
17. Making Today Better for You Everyday
At talk to the Institute of Market Driven Quality Breakfast of Champion's, Four Seasons Hotel, Toronto, February 18, 1993.
18. Disaster Preparedness and Response
A talk given to Wireless 93 CTIA Convention, Dallas, Texas, March 1993.
19. Annual General Meeting
My remarks to the Rogers Communications Inc. AGM in Toronto, March 31, 1993.
20. Management and Mobility
A talk to the Executive Forum, Toronto Board of Trade, April 22, 1993.
21. A New Communications Scene
A talk at the Toronto Junior Board of Trade, October 26, 1993.
22. Radio Advisory Board of Canada
A talk to the Annual General Meeting of the Radio Advisory Board of Canada, November 25, 1993.
23. The Crystal Ball
· A talk to the Comdex/Canada Plenary Session, Metro Toronto Convention Centre, July 13, 1994.
24. Phones Will Shrink to the Size of a Pen
Article in the Toronto Star Business Section, July 14, 1994.
25. The Future of Public Cordless Telephony
A look at what consumers really want from their supplier of wireless telephony, July 25, 1994.
26. Business Communication Today and Tomorrow
A discussion of the Rogers approach to business communications delivered to Ryerson Polytechnic University, September 31, 1994.
27. Cantel's 10th Anniversary
Remarks at a celebration of Cantel's 10th Anniversary, June 29, 1995.
Section E
Information Technology Association of Canada (ITAC)
Unlike CIPS, ITAC is an industry association comprised of about 270 of the largest providers of computer software and hardware in Canada.
I was the National Chair in 1993-94 where amongst other things I endeavoured (unsuccessfully) to bring about a merger with the Canadian Advanced Technology Association (CATA).
During my tenure, ITAC produced a series of annual conferences based on the growing interest at that time in the Information Super Highway.
The first in Toronto was called Powering-up North America. It included, as speakers, such glitterati as the futurist George Gilder, Nicholas Negroponte, MIT Media Lab, Larry Ellison, CEO Oracle, Bill Esrey, Chairman and CEO, Sprint, Ted Rogers, Terry Matthews, Newbridge and Bob Rae, then Premier of Ontario.
This was followed-up by a conference in Ottawa with a similar line-up called Road-Kill on the Information Highway that emphasized the human resource implications for this new development.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION E
1. Growing the Infratechnology
A talk to the National Summit on Information Policy, Ottawa,
December 8, 1992.
2. Opening Address, INTERCOM 93
A talk given in Vancouver, British Columbia, February 25, 1993.
3. Bits, Bytes and Bold Strategies
A talk given to the Mississauga Board of Trade, March 8, 1993.
4. The Strategic Resource
Remarks to the Conference Board of Canada, Ottawa, May 11, 1993.
5. Bits of Progress
A talk on converging technologies to the Canadian Telecommunications Consultants Association, Toronto, October 13, 1994.
Section F
The Toronto Board of Trade and The Greater Toronto Marketing Alliance
The Toronto Board of Trade is one of the largest Chambers of Commerce in North America. At the time I was President in 1996-97 there were over 10,000 members.
The Board concentrated on policy work but did not directly get involved in Economic Development. It was felt that this was a Government responsibility, unlike the approach in the United States where Chambers usually played a lead private sector role.
When my term as President was up, I became the Founding Chair of a new organization sponsored by the Mayors and Regional Chairs Committee led by Mayor Hazel McCallion and an ad hoc group of the 29 Boards of Trade and Chambers of Commerce in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA).
This organization is called The Greater Toronto Marketing Alliance and its mission is to “expand the economy of the Greater Toronto Area by raising the profile of the region internationally to attract new investment and employmentâ€.
I remained the Chair until 2002.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION F
1. Tenant Real Estate Requirements In The New Economy
A talk to the Real Estate Forum, Toronto, December 4, 1996.
2. A More Effective GTMA
An address to the prestigious Honorary Board at a luncheon October 23, 2003.
3. Sell! Sell! Sell!
A talk on the GTMA given to the Toronto Rotary Club, February 18, 2005.
Section G
University Boards
Interacting with those younger than I (and that now includes nearly everyone) has always been a particular interest. When I served on the Selection Committee for the University of Toronto Arbour Scholars, I was almost embarrassed to be judging the merits of those who were in their late teens or early twenties who are already brighter and better educated than I.
To try to stay in touch I was active with Carleton University while in Ottawa. Specifically I was Chair of the Associates of Carleton (the founding group of the University), Chair of their first Capital Campaign, a Director of the newly formed Norman Patterson School for International Affairs and finally Chair of their Board, 1997-99.
When in Vancouver I was on the Advisory Committee of the School of Business at the University of British Columbia and also Chair of the Finance Committee of the Board at Simon Fraser University.
I have been involved with Trinity College at the University of Toronto, largely in a fund raising capacity and chaired their Spirit of Leadership Campaign in 1996-99.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION G
1. Canadian Council On International Law
As Chair of the Board at Carleton I welcomed this group to the campus June 24, 1997.
2. Social Responsibility of Business
This was a talk to the MBA students at Simon Fraser, October 21, 1982.
Section H
Computer Viewpoints
These talks cover a variety of topics in the computer industry ranging from the potential benefits to a major constraint which was then and still is the lack of sufficient trained people in the field.
They reflect views over some 35 years that were occasionally right on e.g. forecasting the ability to add as much intelligence as one wishes to virtually anything, even inanimate objects. However, sometimes I got it wrong having not forecast the incredible growth in Personal Computers for home use. I was somewhat sceptical in these days before the Internet.
There are also some looks at a particular industry and the impact of computers on it.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION H
1. Chartered Accountants Presentation
A talk given to the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario, Toronto, May 12, 1969. These are just speech notes introducing the concept of large scale computer service utilities.
2. Where is the computer industry going?
A user's viewpoint.
A talk to the Toronto section of the Canadian Information Processing Society, September 11, 1979, discussing the declining cost of computer cycles and its impact on the choice between remote computing and in-house solutions.
3. Just Push the Button
A presentation to the Young Presidents Organization (YPO) Third Canadian Conference, Vancouver, B.C., October 3, 1981. This paper expands on the concept of utilizing the declining size of electronic components and the increasing capability of remote interface with computers to automate just about anything.
4. Not Even a Mouse
A Christmas dinner meeting address to the Canadian Information Processing Society, Ottawa Chapter, December 12, 1985. This is where I talked about my early experience with PCs and my concern about how really useful they would prove to be in the home – dead wrong!
5. Have Fun, Will Travel
A talk to the Canadian Business Travel Association, Toronto, April 22, 1994. A discussion of how computers will impact a particular industry and how that industry can respond.
Section I
Government and Regulation
In Canada we are never far from either. Governments usually mean well but as is widely recognized, sometimes get in the way.
I have always been a social liberal but an economic conservative. These talks reflect that viewpoint that in terms of government, less is usually more.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION I
1. A brief concerning aspects of the Act to amend the Combines Investigation Act (Bill C-42).
This was written from the position of a Private Sector Company (SDL) and suggested modifications to the act.
2. Business Needs an Ombudsman
A talk given to the Third International Conference on Computer Communications, Toronto, August 6, 1976.
This was really a talk on the Canadian entrepreneur in the 1970s. It seemed to me that we appoint ombudsmen for many reasons and perhaps it is time to do the same for free enterprise to try to avoid the red tape that governments regularly impose.
3. Relationships with Governments – Policies and Strategies
A Canadian viewpoint given at the First World Computering Services Industry Conference, Barcelona, Spain, June 20-23, 1978.
4. Ministerial discretion – is there adequate constraint?
A talk given to the Canadian Bar Association, Vancouver, September 1, 1981.
5. Communications Planning
A talk to the Ontario Ministry of Transportation and Communications Planning Conference, Georgian College, August 19, 1985.
6. Competition and Telecommunications in Canada A Case Study
A talk to the Canadian Communications Law and Policy Conference, March 25, 1988, Osgoode Hall, Toronto.
Section J
Legal and Justice Systems
These are some thoughts on the importance of computer systems in the administration of justice. This includes both law enforcement and the court systems.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION J
1. The Use of Computers To Assist the Legal Profession
A speech to the Canadian Bar Association Annual Meeting, September 1969.
2. Great Expectations
A talk to the Great Expectations Conference of the Canadian Bar Association, Vancouver, B.C., March 28, 1981.
Section K
Voluntarism
Whatever w
e do in our business lives, we are always within the context of the society in which we live. I have always been a strong believer that business people need to pay close attention to what is going on around them socially and to participate as far as their expertise will allow in trying to make society better.
As noted in "Finnies Family", this has led me to have a parallel career in the voluntary field beyond the usual involvement in industry associations and education.
While in B.C., I was asked by the Provincial Government to set up an organization to help pull the province out of a difficult recession. As a result I established an organization called Team BC in the early 1980's to try to help particularly smaller communities regain some momentum after a significant downturn in such industries as logging, mining and fishing.
Finally, having chaired United Way campaigns in each of the Cities in which I lived, Ottawa, Vancouver and Toronto, I have some views on where this wonderful concept can and should go.
CLICK HERE FOR THE COMPLETE TALKS OF SECTION K
1. Team BC News Conference
Remarks at the opening of Team BC, Robson Media Centre, Vancouv
er, September 16, 1982.
2. Lets Keep B.C. Moving
A talk about how a little optimism will go a long way in recognizing the potential for communities to capitalize on their benefits.
3. The State of United Ways/Centraides in Canada Today
Opening remarks at the Campaign Leader's Workshop, Mississauga, February 28, 1982.
4. United Way Annual General Meeting
My opening remarks at the United Way AGM in Toronto, September 1986, when I was Chair of the Board of the United Way.
